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The following is a list of ghost hunting definitions and tools you should use on a ghost hunt. It is important that you familiarize yourself with these terms as they are used quite frequently during a paranormal investigation. And as for the tools you don't need to rush out and buy this gear. A basic camera, video camera is the minimum otherwise there is no point in going on a ghost hunt if you can't show others what you may have captured
Amulets - Amulet Jewelry
Some ghost hunters wear jewelry called amulets because they believe the amulet jewelry
provides protection; because it is enchanted and charmed with powerful spells - which
some believe make it an effective weapon against harmful spirits - ghosts. An example
of a common amulet might be a crucifix - a cross. I believe jewelry is only powerful to the
mind that believes in it. An amulet is the same as a charm or talisman jewelry.
Anomaly
Something found on a picture, photograph, video or voice
recording that has no explainable source.
Apparition
These are the holy grail of ghost hunting.
A spirit that is in human form and usually visible to the
naked eye; or may appear in a photo undetected originally by the
naked eye. Often this anomaly is dressed in period clothing. Very
hard to capture on film but many have reported seeing this type of
ghost. This is the "Hollywood Type" ghost featured in many movies.
Cameras
Cameras are an invaluable tool and a must for investigating a haunting. They provide
visual documentation of the investigation and the phenomena occurring. Since, cameras
are neither for or against the paranormal, they allow what we do not see with our closed
minds to be photographed. Digital cameras provide more results and are best for ghost
hunting because they can show you what's in your picture right after you took the photo.
Digital photos are available to upload to your computer immediately after the ghost hunt,
while the events are still fresh in your mind.
Psychic photography is simply just following what you feel or sense, and taking pictures
using intention and intuition. When attempting psychic photography you should load the
film into the camera on arrival of the investigation site. Many say this will show the
intention you have and draw spirits to you to photograph. When taking pictures it is also
wise to notify others in the area you are taking a photo, so they are prepared for the
flash. Psychic photography is usually best achieved during the hours between 9 p.m. and
6 a.m.; but the best time for you will be when you have the feeling something is near you
or watching you - you should go with that instinct. While photographing at the
investigation site, you should try to avoid mirrors, glass, lights, poles or any other
obstruction that will interfere with evaluation or determination of the photograph and it's
elements; otherwise you may want to note the possibility of a false result with those photos
taken. Also, make sure your camera strap is removed and fingers are not in front of the
lens, as they can appear as convincing paranormal evidence. It is good to catalog your
photos with the corresponding negative for archival storage. If using a digital camera,
simply save the ghost photos and corresponding notes to a cd disk.
Dowsing Rods
Traditionally, a forked branch or stick that is believed to indicate subterranean water or
minerals by bending downward when held over a source. Divining rod, a rod, commonly
of witch hazel, with forked branches, used by those who discover water or metals under
ground.
Dowsing or divining rods can also be made of metal, and bent in an "L" shape - one for
each hand. In ghost hunting, when the rods cross while being held out in front of the
"dowser" they indicate spirit presence at the spot the dowser is at.
What is ectoplasm? It is the name given to a form of dense energy liberated by
living things which is believed to make possible the materialization of ghosts. In
short, it appears in photographs like a fog or mist, and is spirit.
We prefer to see orb vapor trails (such as in the above ghost picture), to determine
conclusively that it is indeed ectoplasm. Vapor trail cannot be re-created through fog,
breath or smoke. Many ectoplasm pictures are created by mistake, when the
ghost hunter has not been careful. Moisture, fog, cigarette smoke and human breath in cold weather can
produce some believable ectoplasm ghost pictures. Be sure to hold your breath
before taking ghost pictures, and do not smoke during your investigations for positive results.
EMF Meters
The Electromagnetic Field Detector, also known as an EMF meter, is the
ghost hunters tracking device. Using this instrument, it is possible to
locate and track energy sources. Before using the EMF meter as a
ghost hunting tool on an investigation, be sure to walk around the area
taking readings around energy sources such as light poles and electrical
outlets to be sure of the readings you will receive while scanning the
area during the investigation. Some EMF meters come with a manual
describing common household appliances and their corresponding
electromagnetic reading. When using this device be sure not to leave it
on for the full length of the ghost investigation, as this will prevent the
instrument from burning out.
When a positive EMF meter reading occurs, take as many photos as
possible. Be sure and point the camera in the same direction as you are
pointing the EMF meter. This is also a good time to take a temperature
reading. Be sure to always report the times of positive EMF readings,
temperature drops, and the times and numbers of each photo. This
provides collaborating evidence of the paranormal occurrence. At the
end of your ghost hunt, you may find that positive EMF and temperature
readings occurred at the exact time you took the photograph which
shows an anomaly.
Energy Lights
These show up on photos as colored lights during
some manifestations of hauntings. They usually are not visible to
the naked eye and can appear in different colors such as red, orange
or green.
EVP
Electronic Voice Phenomenon is the recording of audio tapes
at a suspected haunted site; and although no voices were heard at
the time of the recording, unexplained voices may be discovered
during playback of the audio tape. Both digital recorder and
traditional tape recorders may be used with an external microphone.
Kinetic Energy
Description for the movement of objects by a ghost.
A physical manifestation of an unseen force which may move, throw
or even destroy objects. These ghosts are known as "Poltergeists"
(German for "noisy ghost").
Orbs
Not all orb ghost pictures are ghosts. In fact, most orbs are caused by moisture, dust,
flash reflection, solar flare, and insect. Many have videotaped orbs flying around rooms -
some are dust with light reflecting off of it; others are balls of energy that
many ghost hunters are not sure just what they represent. We do not
claim to have the answers, but we seek to present the evidence we
receive and allow our viewers to research and decide on their own.
It is hard to determine exactly the source of an orb for sure. But one test
is pretty cool. Take a picture while stirring up some dust and watch how
many "orbs" appear in the picture. This is a good test to learn about
orbs caused by dust.
Motion Sensors and Detectors
Motion sensors and detectors are another investigation tool that many ghost hunters
use. Simply put, motion sensors or motion detectors are used to let the ghost
investigator know if something is moving in another room, while the investigator is
elsewhere. Motion sensors work well when left in a room during the time when no
investigator is present. Motion sensors have alarms that sound when movement is
detected in the room in which they are placed. Typically, they will sound in rooms
where no previous activity had been reported; and upon further investigation, one may
find much evidence of paranormal activity in the room where the motion detector or
sensor sounded its alarm. The motion sensors used by ghost hunters project an
infrared beam. When the beam is disrupted by movement of any kind (natural or
spirit!), an alarm will sound that the investigator can hear while in another room: a clue
that spirits may be present in that area where the motion detector resides. Usually
motion sensors have an alarm mode and chime mode. The chime mode will only
announce the visitor or movement, but will not blare as a siren for a long time. Most
ghost hunters prefer the chime mode setting on their motion detector, as it is less
offensive and won't scare the dickens out of you!
Plasma/Plasmoid
Moving orbs caught during the time of camera
exposure. Orbs have also been filmed moving, on video. In photos,
they appear as streaking light or as an orb with a tail showing the
path of motion. These are also known as "supercharged orbs" in
motion.
Poltergeist Hauntings
Poltergeists or poltergeist hauntings may be the most misunderstood type of haunting, as
some believe that poltergeist hauntings are not even a haunting at all. The German word,
"poltergeist," means "noisy ghost." The best defining mark of a poltergeist is if there is any
manipulation of the physical environment such as the movement of objects, physical attack,
spontaneous combustions, etc, then this is a poltergeist-type of haunting.
A common thread between different poltergeist hauntings has strongly indicated that they
are caused by psychokinesis (the ability to move things by power of the mind alone). The
question becomes whether the psychokinesis is from the people who live within (or visit) the
place where the activity takes place, or if it is actually occurring from an unseen troubled
spirit, called a ghost. The reason for this is because typically poltergeist hauntings center
around an adolescent girl (although young males and even adults have exhibited the same
phenomena) in the household. Typically, this central person is usually emotionally disturbed
in some fashion, and is somehow the root cause of objects moving, knocking sounds (and
other noises), the turning on and off of lights and electrical appliances, etc. What is
interesting is that the person whom the activity centers around, is unaware that they are the
one who is bringing about the disturbance. But in true poltergeist hauntings, none of the
activity will continue after the person is removed from the environment, as they are not there
to create it or influence an unseen entity. However, it has been reported that activity can
return later if the "right" person visits or lives in a notably poltergeist-haunted place. This
would lend one to believe that it requires a combined psychic energy to manifest such
terrible hauntings.
Author Brad Steiger contends that the central figure in a poltergeist haunting actually brings
additional energy which the troubled ghost then uses to manifest with physical attacks or
manipulation. This can be especially true if one is somewhat psychic and/or full of fear. The
ghostly entity seems to feed off of low energies such as fear. This is when more harmful
attacks can occur. Sometimes the effects of a poltergeist are more playful than harmful, but
have been known to be downright nasty. Reports of scratches, bites, harmful objects being
put in one's way (such as glass shards on a pillow or tacks under a bed sheet) have been
noted, as well as ghost possession. Perhaps Brad Steiger's best phrase is, "Ghosts haunt
houses; poltergeists haunt people." Perhaps many times, the troubled spirit wants only to
communicate a message to those who still are in bodies.
Residual Haunting
When a spirit is seen doing the same thing over
and over, many believe this to be simply an energy imprint or
residual haunting. In other words, a strong, traumatic event that
occurred in some other time, repeating itself over and over. Usually
these spirits do not interact with those who see them. My opinion, is
that this could simply be a state of mind I call "hell;" being trapped by
one's own mind in darkness or lack of understanding. Sort of reliving
of an event perhaps through fear, guilt or condemnation until that
spirit finds truth and freedom.
Think of a residual haunting as a movie being re-run on TV day after day. It is believed by
ghost hunters that some events, due to perhaps strong emotional energy attached to it,
imprint themselves somehow on the environment where the event took place. Sort of
"trapped in time," the event is recorded in the atmosphere of a place. If one were to see a
ghost doing the same activity over and over, and with no response to the present
environment, it is most likely a residual haunting. Residual hauntings are past events playing
in the present, but with no interaction with today. It is a common ghost hunters theory that
most residual hauntings occur in places built over top of limestone, quartz stone and/or
water. These seem to act as a transmitter, perhaps creating the perfect environment to
allow the residual haunting energy to manifest.
How can residual hauntings occur? Energy is spirit and spirit is life. All of us are spirit, with
or without the physical body, and we live and exist within spirit. Spirit is the life-force of all,
whether plant, animal or human being, and is everywhere. Everything that is, exists within
spirit. Spirit or energy is everywhere. Thus, is it possible for an event or person to imprint its
energy upon a place? Most ghost hunters believe so...
Dark Shadows/Shadow People
Dark shadows in ghost pictures usually appear as a black
smudge or fog over an image. Some certainly could be caused by
a finger or something else over the camera lens, but many are not.
There have been many interesting observations of shadow ghosts
(dark shadows or shadow people). They are usually seen out of
the corner of one's eye, hence this is why some call them shadow
people - they often observe others. Also, dark shadows have
actually been recorded playing with one another. This has led
some ghost investigators to believe they can be children, as well
as adults. Some have seen shadow ghosts 6 feet tall with broad
shoulders, for example. Shadow ghosts can see and react with
people. We have theorized that perhaps their darkness may be
just an indicator of their lack of progression into the light and unto
their life review...call it "in darkness," or "lack of understanding of
truth" - unaware of where they are, having unfinished business, or
afraid to move on.
Thermometer / Thermal Scanner
Thermometers are an instrument that are also very useful. There are two types used regularly:
digital thermometers and infrared non-contact thermometers. When used on an investigation this
will aid as a detection system for spirit presence. Rapid temperature drops of 10 degrees or more
could indicate spirit activity. I recommend using the infrared non-contact thermometers because
they react in less than a second to temperature drops and can scan a large area quickly.
As mentioned, good thermometer can detect changes in room temperature quickly. But some still
use the old-fashioned mercury-filled, red-line, thermometers. Electronic thermometers should be
used, but in high paranormal, haunting activity where electromagnetic forces have been reported
they may fail right when you need them. So bring an old mercury thermometer with you as back up,
and you should be o.k. during your ghost investigation.
Vortex
A long streak across a photo that may be
caused by a very high-speeding "orb;" some believe vortices are a
gateway between both realms (physical and spirit realms). They are
usually white in color and may appear as a funnel-shape. Camera
straps, human hair, a tree branch, etc., right in front of the camera
lens during exposure have been notoriously mistaken for a vortex. It
is important to make sure anything that may interfere with your photo
is removed from within the front of the camera.
Omega 3 Anxiety - Without Appropriate Levels of EPA and DHA You Are More Likely to Develop Anxiety
Studies have shown that fish oil and omega 3 essential fatty acids (EFAs) are extremely helpful in treating depression and anxiety in those who suffer from these mental illnesses.
However, it is interesting to learn that when the body has low levels of omega 3, anxiety and depression are actually more likely to develop.
The Department of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School has found through research that a lack of omega 3s affects how the brain functions and that people who experience depression and anxiety typically have lower levels of omega 3 EFAs in their blood. This is of particular concern because the human body cannot produce these omega 3 EFAs on its own, so they must come from outside sources.
So, how does a person with low levels of these EFAs go about increasing them and reducing the risk of low omega 3 anxiety and depression?
Well, eating cold water fatty fish is a great place to start. However, some of these types of fish like salmon are quite expensive, and really, how much fish can one person eat every day? Sooner or later, you will feel like your house, hair and clothing all smell like fish from cooking it so much! Isn't there an easier, more cost-effective way to get those omega 3s?
There certainly is a way to get those omega 3, anxiety-reducing EFAs without breaking the bank or making your home smell like a fish market!
Fish oil supplements, particularly those that are a natural blend of 50% exceptionally pure, natural hoki fish oil and 50% highly purified molecularly distilled ethyl ester tuna oil without synthetics or additives, are a fantastic and inexpensive way to experience all the omega 3 anxiety easing benefits as well as other surprising benefits for almost all the body's systems.
Not only has research shown fish oil and omega 3 to reduce anxiety and depression in subjects suffering from those conditions, it has shown improvements in heart function, brain processes, skin and hair health, fish oil has even been shown to aid in weight loss and increase mental focus.
It is logical to think that if these improvements are seen by anxious subjects taking omega 3 anxiety will actually be alleviated even more due to increased overall health-if your body feels better, chances are your mind will feel better too!
Omega 3 Anxiety - Without Appropriate Levels of EPA and DHA You Are More Likely to Develop Anxiety
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Omega 3 Anxiety - Without Appropriate Levels of EPA and DHA You Are More Likely to Develop Anxiety
Omega 3 Anxiety - Without Appropriate Levels of EPA and DHA You Are More Likely to Develop Anxiety Omega 3 Anxiety - Without Appropriate Levels of EPA and DHA You Are More Likely to Develop Anxiety
Biotechnology and the world of colours have always been intertwined. Nature's hues and tints are captured in their natural or synthetic state in a variety of market products. The flower markets of natural blood-red roses and gene-designed blue roses recently released in Japan are apt examples.
To-date notwithstanding the awe-inspiring snip and tuck techniques of genetic engineering, the legendary 'Black Tulip' of French author Alexander Dumas still remains the 'Holy Grail of the Tulip world'. Several types from 'Tulip Queen of Night' (1944) to T.'Black Hero' (1984) constitute 'the category of the 'blackest of the officially 'purple' tulips'.
Nature's wealth of colours have inspired celebrity painters and poets ---French-born Hillarie Belloc describes in verse the morphology of The Microbe with its 'seven tufted tails with lots of pink and purple spots.'; and schoolchildren to explore the microbial world through the 'looking-glass' of Winogradsky's column with its purple and green bands ---consortia of the green and purple photosynthetic bacteria. Blue-green cyanobacteria contribute to the economy of Nature's important biogeochemical Cycles-the nitrogen cycle.
The Red Sea may derive its colour and name from the red-cyanobacterium -- Trichodesmium erythraeum, but the destruction of numerous fish is due to the Red Tide population of the plant-like red-brown dinoflagellates. Pigments help classify the brown, yellow, red and green algae; and protozoa and yeasts such as Euglena and Pichia. Nature's colour artistry occurs throughout the biospectrum incorporating interalia green and purple bacteria, antibiotic-producing species of Streptomyces and Nocardia, fungi that color cheeses, blue-green anoles, rainbow papaya and trout, and green fluorescent proteins responsible for the coloration of diverse corals and anemones. Green, yellow, orange-red and purple-blue chromoproteins are the raison d'etre of fabled reef colours varying in the spectrum of daylight conditions.
Verily, Nature's palette of pigments and paints underscores the need of bioresources centres to capture, classify and conserve the planet's biotreasury lest extinction result from benign neglect and commercial exploitation.
'Biomimicry...... is a new science that studies nature's best ideas and then imitates these designs and processes to solve human problems. ......Organisms use two methods to create colour without paint: internal pigments and the structural colour that makes tropical butterflies, peacocks, and hummingbirds so gorgeous. A peacock is a completely brown bird. Its "colours" result from light scattering off regularly spaced melanin rods, and interference effects through thin layers of keratin (the same stuff as your fingernails).'
New military clothing uses fluorescent colours, biosensors and bioinformatics at the nano-level to mimic natural phenomena of biomimicry and chameleonic colours. Geofabrics coloured for appropriate use contribute to landscape and urban management --- conservation of golf courses and park-lawns, and safeguarding creative and aesthetic instinct of humankind is embedded in of soil embankments and floral gardens.
The clean and green technologies. The first biodegradable green credit card was issued in 1997. 'Coral proteins put on the red light' in marine waters, and coloured glow fish function as indicators of pollution in aquatic reservoirs. Colours used in biotextile grafts make attractive and acceptable use of bioceramic materials in dentistry, medicine orthopaedics, tissue engineering and veterinary science.
Genetic research has contributed to understanding human eye and skin colour. The genesis of coat colours of cats, dogs, rabbits, ponies, etc. has been deciphered. The head colour of birds too. Coat colour alleles are used to produce sublines of mice for studies concerning ageing, cancer, cardiovascular, neurobiological and reproductive biology. The Big Blue mouse is used to research cancer and neurodegenerative disease. Yellow mice help localize gene mutations on specific chromosomes.Custom-made mice --- the albino, cream, brown and black models are research keys studying tumour biology. Indeed, 'the ability to follow coat colours' requires 'no complicated tools such as molecular genotyping' in 'the breeding and maintenance of mutant strains.'
Colours inspire, motivate and uplift humankind. Clinics and psychological facilities use soothing colours to aid convalescents. Colours exist in sports too. Winners express a sense of national achievement and pride in draping themselves in their national flags. In EURO 2004 - soccer and biopsychology met. To enhance local psychobiological advantage and patriotism the coach of the home team requested fans 'to wear something red or green' their national colours 'toface the orange shirts' of their opponents' in a qualifying match.
Corporate biotech is engaged in 'chasing the rainbow.' Former Vice-President Al Gore envisioned the 'pot of gold at the end of the biotechnology rainbow.' Entrepreneurs, however, focus their quest 'somewhere over the genetic rainbow'. UN policy-makers use colour-codes in combating, and designing solutions to problems of hunger and poverty. The UN Economic Commission for Africa in 2002 described 'Realizing the Promise of Green Biotechnology for the Poor' and 'Tackling the Diseases of Poverty through Red Biotechnology' ---technologies that involve using genetically-engineered mosquitoes with the potential to eradicate malaria; and gene modified foods ---golden rice and orange bananas, enriched with vitamin A to counteract the onset of blindness.
'Ethical challenges of green biotechnology for developing countries' arise, and, 'whether transgenic plants should carry distinguishing markers, such as distinguishing colours, so that they can be identified and not intermixed with other plants of the same species' is under review for use in regulatory work. In space biology research, transgenic plants using blue and green colours are being developed as biosensors to indicate presence of certain kinds of stress.
Nutritionists talk of a rainbow diet rich in micronutrients and vitamins that make food naturally attractive and appetizing for a 'good feel'status. Traditional medicine recommends eating naturally coloured foods possessing natural phytonutrients in their skin ingredients. A judicious choice of red (meat), green (salads), yellow (cereals and fruits) and violet (vegetables) foods contributes to the sustenance of long-term good health in combating artificial diabetes and obesity. Blue cheese and black truffles are delicacies without added food colorants; and supermarkets may soon offer carrots in red and purple with the orange variety. 'Research into different coloured carrots is not about making a fashion statement but about potential health improvements'.
In agro-trade, traffic-colours of amber and green define policies that distort trade of certain commodities. Amber box policies signify 'caution' relating to 'price supports, marketing loans and subsidies, and livestock quantities'. Green box policies cover 'research, pest and disease control, and crop insurance and conservation programs'. Blue box policies --a temporary WTO category that accommodates transatlantic negotiations, are 'redefined amber box policies concerning production limiting programs'.
Biotechnologies described in colours spotlight salient aspects of research for economic development. The Cordia-EuropaBio Convention 2003 in Vienna in 'Blue Biotechnology - Exploitation of Marine Resources' focused on the 'Ocean of Opportunities' for sustaining development through rational use of marine bioresources. Europe's catalytic role in 'Green Biotechnology in Africa' resides in collaborative biotech education, research, development, and market ventures.
In January 2004, a European Commission meeting at the Biosciences 'Technology Facility', University of York, UK, recognized that any 'biotechnology platform, developing bio-based products would have to be a concerted marriage of the 'White' together with the 'Green' and 'Blue' biotechnology sectors'. Unlocking of bottlenecks could be achieved through programmes utilizing 'the synergies between green, white and blue biotechnologies.'
In 2005, the 12th European Biotechnology Congress will use 4 biotech motors: white (industrial); red (pharmaceutical), green (food and feed) and blue (environment) in 'Bringing Genomes to Life' in Denmark.
The use of colour codes is seemingly the lingua franca of science policy in Germany. Sixty percent of the 253 biotechnological firms with some 43,000 employees in a survey by Hessen's Ministry of Economy were specializing in red biotechnology (diagnosis and treatment of diseases); 4% were specializing in green biotechnology (agriculture, food production); and, 1% was in grey biotechnology (pure industrial processes with an environmental nuance). In Baden-Württemberg, over half of the biotech companies excel in red biotechnology with smaller numbers in the grey and green sectors. German market studies emphasize the white and red biotechnologies. Red biotechnology accounts for some 86% of all biotech companies. Green biotechnology with 27% is followed by grey biotechnology with 10%.
In the USA, a 5 colour-coded security system from green (low) through blue (guarded), yellow (elevated), and orange (high) to red (severe) has been decreed. Adoption of protective and self-defense responses involves all levels of vigilance and preparedness to combat and neutralize the threats of terrorism and those of bioterrorism that aim at destruction of that country's security and its peoples. Colour alert systems for air pollution (USA) and inclement weather (Mozambique) are indicators of time available for precautionary action by people susceptible to asthmatic and respiratory diseases as well as in offsetting loss of life and bioeconomic resources.
In satire, a 'five (colour) level Mad Cow alert' exists. The alert levels range from eating cow parts (green) through limited beef consumption (blue) and exercise of planned protective measures (yellow) to symptomatic mooing and chewing of the cud (orange) to a switch to fermented food - tofu (red).
Using colours to describe biotechnology constitutes a new mechanism in:
- attracting school children to the microbial world in different environments;
- teaching biotechnology in graduate and medical schools; and
- providing sound bytes for use by non-technical policy-makers promoting the biotech powerhouse for sustainable development.
Dr. R. Colwell, Director, US National Foundation at a US-EC Biotech meeting in 2003 said: "If we could weave a Flag of Biotechnology, some say, it would feature three colours: red for medical applications, green for agricultural and white for industrial. In fact this flag may accrue even more colours over time as environmental and marine biotech and other applications add their stripes'.
In that context, the colour index below may be a useful guide with further additions as biotechnology and colours intertwine over time in promoting public perception and understanding of biotech applications for the cause of science, development, and the current and post human future of humankind.
Color Type Area of Biotech Activities
Red - Health, Medical, Diagnostics
Yellow - Food Biotechnology, Nutrition Science
Blue - Aquaculture, Coastal and Marine Biotech
Green - Agricultural, Environmental Biotechnology - Biofuels, Biofertilizers, Bioremediation, Geomicrobiology
Brown - Arid Zone and Desert Biotechnology
Dark - Bioterrorism, Biowarfare, Biocrimes, Anticrop warfare
Purple - Patents, Publications, Inventions, IPRs
White - Gene-based Bioindustries
Gold - Bioinformatics, Nanobiotechnology
Grey - Classical Fermentation and Bioprocess Technology
Biotechnology and Colours
Grail Clothing
Biotechnology and Colours
Biotechnology and Colours Biotechnology and Colours
Wholesale Secrets Revealed - the Holy Grail of Wholesale!
Like the legendary search for the Holy Grail, the cup that Jesus drank from at the Last Supper, the same "holy crusade" goes on today by veteran and newly anointed business owners for the perfect wholesale, surplus, and drop-shipping resource. They believe that divine intervention will lead them to suppliers that can defeat the economic laws of "supply and demand."
There are more than a few people who try to build an enterprise based on the weak premise that they will able to "score" in demand retail items for their new business, or auction, at either below wholesale prices, or "pennies on the wholesale dollar."
Trying to ride the wave of popular retail products brings out the greed monster in all of us. Pursuing the "deal of the century" has lead some aspiring business owners to risk their start-up capital on fraudulent deals and offers.
In this article I want to discuss three of the more sought after sources of product supply, and the "Pros & Cons" of each. I also want to shed a little light on some of the misconceptions people might have about buying "products for resale." The reality is that not every product will be available through wholesale, surplus, and drop-shipping venues.
Wholesalers: Typically, one of the better places to purchase products for your new found venture. Most true wholesalers will require that you have a "Certificate Of Resale" before you can purchase from them. A Certificate Of Resale, or "Tax & Use Certificate," is not hard to obtain, and costs anywhere from five to twenty dollars depending on the state you live in.
Some states do not require that you even have one. You can obtain the certificate from your State Department of Revenue. For more information about sales and use tax, the websites Salestaxinstitute.com and Businessnameusa.com can provide you with further information about resale certificates and business licenses.
Depending on your states procedure, once you fill out the paperwork you can get your "Certificate Of Resale" number the same day. You do not have to incorporate in order to obtain a certificate. You need to be a Sole Proprietor (at the very least) and have an address where you plan to conduct business. Once you have your number you will be able to open a business checking account at most local banks. Most do not require more than a few hundred dollars to get started. Wholesalers will require a minimum purchase price that can range anywhere from 100 to 1000 dollars.
A true wholesaler is usually one step away from the original source of the product. For instance, a manufacturer produces blue widgets and wants to get their product into the marketplace. They will then employ a sales representative to get the product into the market, or they will assign a wholesale distributor the exclusive rights to carry and sell their product line. Some companies are import wholesalers. While they do not necessarily manufacture a product, they will import products from manufacturers in the United States, and from countries like China. A great example of such an importer/wholesaler is the Bnfusa.com:
There are a few ways to find wholesale products. Just about every product that is in the distribution chain will usually have a dedicated trade association, organization, or trade publication attached to it. You can find such trade information with the help of the following directory information at The National Association Of Wholesale Distributors, NAW.org. Go to the "About NAW" section at the top of the website and then to the "Member Associations" section. There you will find wholesale associations members for just about every product that has a retail presence.
From Advertising to Woodworking. You should be able to solicit them for wholesalers within a particular industry. If you want to purchase their membership list (separate from the association listings), you will have to get in touch with them to check their current prices. Other good sources are:
Encyclopedia Of Associations By: The Gale Group
The Encyclopedia Of Associations lists over 100,000 different nonprofit American organizations. If you cannot find what you are looking for from the National Association Of Wholesale Distributors in terms of trade associations, then this is the directory for you. However, you will have to go to your library to find this research gem. You can usually find it in the reference section of any large University, or Public Library.
Publist.com. In addition to trade associations, trade magazines are another good source. Publist.com allows you to: "Search our database of over 150,000 magazines, journals, newsletters, & other periodicals.
Find FREE in-depth information on familiar and hard-to-find publications from around the world, representing thousands of topics." Tradepub.com allows you to subscribe to trade periodicals from their web site for FREE! No hidden trial offers to qualify.
ThomasRegional.com. If you are looking for industrial product manufacturers, then this is the directory for you. The Thomas Regional directory will give you access to services from over "550,000 industrial distributors, manufacturers, and service companies."
The Thomas Regional will help you find suppliers in your own state or region. Registration is required, but you can use the directory for FREE! Other free online sources of wholesale information and offers are: Wholesalecentral.com, Wholesalegopher.com, Bizbb.com, Wholesalegopher.com.
PROS AND CONS OF WHOLESALE SUPPLIERS:
Wholesale is the backbone of product supply for any type of new business venture. Large and small wholesalers are usually one step away from the manufacturer. They have the advantage of buying large quantities, and, depending on the type of merchandise, are able to pass along savings to those who are looking for "products for resale." With wholesalers (in most cases) you can be assured of purchasing new product. I can't think of too many "cons" when dealing with wholesalers--other than pricing. There might be items that could be too expensive to sell in the eBay auction marketplace. Remember, true wholesalers will require that you have a Certificate Of Resale in order to purchase from them.
Surplus & Salvage Merchandise: Another sought after source of supply is retail surplus, closeout, overstock, liquidated, and salvage merchandise. Surplus dealers, and brokers, purchase shelf-pulled, returned, overstock, closeout, liquidated, and salvage merchandise from manufacturers, retail stores, reclamation centers, bankruptcy sales, and just about any business who has slow moving or salvage merchandise.
Surplus dealers buy these obsolete items in large quantities, and then resell them to just about anyone who wants them for their eBay Auction, Flea Market, Dollar Store, or Retail Store outlet. One of the largest trade associations for the surplus industry is the International Marketing Association Of Surplus Dealers, Surplus.net. You can find dealers throughout the United States.
Other sources of finding Surplus, Salvage, Closeout, and Liquidated merchandise include the following: Closeoutcentral.com, Liquidation.com, CWSMarketing.com, Commoditysurplus.com, and National Retail Equipment Liquidators (Nrel.com).
PROS AND CONS OF THE SURPLUS & SALVAGE SUPPLIERS:
The "Pros" of the Surplus & Salvage merchandise is that they can offer you a variety of products at below wholesale prices. However you "market your merchandise," you should be able to find a product, or price, that will fit into any business advertising model. In most cases, you do not need a "Certificate Of Resale" to buy products from Surplus & Salvage Dealers and brokers.
The downside is that you have to do some investigative work. Some dealers will want you to buy merchandise in quantity (a pallet minimum, truckload preferred) and you have to visit the company you are buying from to make sure that the product is, as advertised. Also, more than a few S&S dealers want payment in the form of wire transfer which can be very risky. Also, dealers and brokers will sometimes misrepresent the quality of the merchandise they are are selling. Before you consider doing any business with a surplus dealer, or broker, please use Google or your favorite search engine and type in: "The Ten Tenets Of The Retail Surplus And Salvage Business."
Drop-Shipping: Supposedly the perfect business model. No inventory, no trips to the post office or UPS. You just set up shop, take the order, pass it along to the wholesale drop-shipping company and they send it out for you. Some drop-ship distributors will even send you ad copy and pictures to help you advertise their products. They can even put your return address on the package! A lot of Retail Catalog companies use drop-shippers as their means of supply.
PROS AND CONS OF DROP-SHIPPING:
There is one obvious advantage to drop-shipping. It is basically a "product less" venture. No need to tie up your money in inventory. Drop-Shipping can fit into any business model, or advertising method you happen to use. However, if you are an eBay Auction seller you might want to rethink that position.
Finding a drop-shipping company that can deliver on a consistent basis can be tough. Drop-Shipping companies have been known to run out of merchandise. If they happen to run out of the product you are auctioning, asking buyers to wait on their product because it is "back-ordered," does not inspire confidence.
Your negative feedback rating can pile up real quick. The other problem is expense. Some drop-shippers require a sign-up, or "entry fee" before you even start marketing their products. You might also have to pay for support materials, such as pictures and advertisement brochures for the product you choose to sell.
In addition, when you sell a product from a drop-shipping distributor there are processing fees that have to be paid, in order to get the product out the door and in the hands of your customer. That price can range anywhere from 5.00 to 10.00 dollars and up depending on the item. After eBay and drop-shipping fees, you can wind up losing money, or at best, breaking even. Bottom-line, drop-shipping and auction selling don't mix. The best bet for any auction venture is to "own what you sell."
EVERYTHING CAN BE HAD FOR A PRICE-BUT THERE IS A PRICE TO PAY FOR EVERYTHING!
Now that we have reviewed the "big three" let me put them into perspective. There are products that can be obtained through a few of featured supply chains, and then there are products that will never make it to the surplus, wholesale, or drop-shipping market. Example: To get Louis Vuitton handbags through a surplus dealer is almost impossible. Surplus dealers that are promoting LV Handbags are misleading you.
Same is true for people who are selling designer handbags on eBay in mass quantities. The likely scenario is that they are Chinese knockoffs. Over 80 percent of popular retail products here in the United States are copied in the People's Republic Of China. Those products include Nike, Reebok, Puma, Adidas, Louis Vuitton, Calloway (Big Bertha) golf clubs, and just about any product that enjoys popular merchandising status.
There is no plan by the Chinese government to stop "knockoff" activity because it is a thriving industry that provides employment for the masses. Despite the pleas from American companies to "cease & desist," there is a tepid response from Chinese officials to do address the issue. When raids are conducted, they are "ceremonial" public relations stunts to appear as if they are actually taking action against the counterfeiters.
Another indicator of authenticity is price. You will not find any authentic Louis Vuitton handbags for 30, or even 100 dollars. Most are 500.00 and up. To illustrate this point even further, just think about the popular celebrities of today who are clothes and handbag aficionados. Jennifer Lopez, Britney Spears, Jennifer Aniston, Angelina Jolie, all sport around town with "Louies" that can fetch up to 10,000 dollars for an exclusive style of handbag. Do you think you will ever have access to these items in the wholesale, surplus, or drop-shipping market?
Forget it! You might not even get these in some upscale boutiques! There are people so well connected that they buy up "hot items" like LV Handbags before they even hit the stores. They know who wants these items, and they will purchase whatever is available just so they can have an exclusive for their celebrity clients. Don't get me wrong. It's not that you can't get "designer duds" or handbags at wholesale prices. You will not get high end clothes and accessories that are featured in the latest issue of Vogue, Cosmo, as a "product for resale," in any wholesale environment, unless you spend thousands for the right to distribute such a product.
Even if some of these items made their way beyond the connected channels of purchasing, exclusive clothing and handbag items like Louis Vuitton will have limited distribution in "hand picked' boutiques, and well connected purchasing agents. In addition, there are people in the fashion industry, as well as other branded industries that would rather have their merchandise burned, or buried before it would reach the wholesale, surplus, or drop-shipping market!
For a healthy does of honesty, and an eye opening perspective concerning the realities of purchasing designer clothes for resale, the Clothing Broker will definitely explode some popular myths about obtaining such items, The Clothing Broker: TheClothingbroker.com
THERE IS GOLD UP IN THEM THERE HILLS!
Now lets address the Surplus & Salvage Industry. When people first encounter some of the offers from Surplus dealers, or brokers, they tend to suffer from what I call the "I just found Gold" syndrome. A feverish excitement permeates their brain cells, and reduces them to a quivering pile of jelly, leaving their reasoning skills inoperable! A few thousand dollars later, and after coming to the conclusion that their "Golden Opportunity" turned out to be bars of lead, elation, then turns to anger.
It is a cliche, and I hate using it, but it is more than appropriate when it comes to surplus and salvage products. "If it sounds to good to be true, it probably is!" Some Surplus dealers will hone in one at least one of seven deadly sins--greed! As with wholesale, you will never get certain products for "pennies" on the dollar. One type of surplus product category that has some people losing their minds is surplus and salvage electronics.
The problem with electronics is that they have a low profit margin even when they are brand new. Finding surplus dealers with working, undamaged, electronic products can be a daunting task. Most salvage electronics can be in pretty rough shape, then you need to visit Techliquidators.com
What you are getting from most Surplus Dealers, or companies who specialize in electronic salvage is someone's customer returns, i.e., "junk!" Unless you are a electronics technician, or recycler, then I would stay away from "salvage" electronics.
Even product that is not damaged, and still in the box or retail blister pack, can have a pretty high surplus price. If you find that someone is offering you a electronics item, be it a DVD Player, or Xbox, for eight dollars a unit, then "buyer beware."
GETTING DROPPED BY DROP-SHIPPING!
My last critique, and word of caution is about drop-shipping. You might have access to information about drop-shipping companies that would prove me wrong. I will not argue with anyone who is dealing with a dropshipping company who is serving them well. However, I will tell you that dropshipping is a risk. I really can't recommend any type of guide, or information that would lead you to a reliable source of drop-shipping companies.
Unlike surplus and wholesale, where you physically own and control the product, that option has been taken out of your hands. You are entrusting a company to ship products directly to your customers. If you get involved with a company who cannot deliver, or who is back ordered, you can find yourself with some very irate customers. Sign up fees, shipping fees, and expenses for support materials can really affect the bottom line.
Also, most drop-shipping companies like to send out product in volume. If you are selling just a few items per week, or per month, it might not be worth if for a drop-shipping company to deal with you. Large retail catalog companies use drop-shipping or "fulfillment" houses, but these companies cater to large scale operations.
The bottom line is this. When it comes to finding product supply for your business it pays to do your homework. Visit the company facility when you can. Never wire any money into a company account. Use a credit card, or Escrow service to protect yourself should your supplier not deliver, or send you defective merchandise.
Understand that you will not be able to get the latest and greatest technology or fashions at surplus and below wholesale prices. If you follow all of these rules, and you use common sense as your "crusade" you just might be able to find your own "Holy Grail," of wholesale product supply!
Wholesale Secrets Revealed - the Holy Grail of Wholesale!
Russian meteor explosion: Spectacular dash cam video of meteorite fireball falling in Urals
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Russian meteor explosion: Spectacular dash cam video of meteorite fireball falling in Urals
Video Courtesy: Aleksandr Ivanov - www.youtube.com Russia's Urals region has been rocked by a meteorite explosion in the stratosphere. The impact wave damaged several buildings, and blew out thousands of windows amid frigid winter weather. Hundreds have sought medical attention for minor injuries. MORE INFO & PHOTOS: on.rt.com RT LIVE rt.com Subscribe to RT! www.youtube.com Like us on Facebook www.facebook.com Follow us on Twitter twitter.com Follow us on Google+ plus.google.com RT (Russia Today) is a global news network broadcasting from Moscow and Washington studios. RT is the first news channel to break the 500 million YouTube views benchmark.
Russian meteor explosion: Spectacular dash cam video of meteorite fireball falling in Urals
Russian meteor explosion: Spectacular dash cam video of meteorite fireball falling in Urals
Russian meteor explosion: Spectacular dash cam video of meteorite fireball falling in Urals
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Russian meteor explosion: Spectacular dash cam video of meteorite fireball falling in Urals
Video Courtesy: Aleksandr Ivanov - www.youtube.com Russia's Urals region has been rocked by a meteorite explosion in the stratosphere. The impact wave damaged several buildings, and blew out thousands of windows amid frigid winter weather. Hundreds have sought medical attention for minor injuries. MORE INFO & PHOTOS: on.rt.com RT LIVE rt.com Subscribe to RT! www.youtube.com Like us on Facebook www.facebook.com Follow us on Twitter twitter.com Follow us on Google+ plus.google.com RT (Russia Today) is a global news network broadcasting from Moscow and Washington studios. RT is the first news channel to break the 500 million YouTube views benchmark.
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Wholesale Secrets Revealed - the Holy Grail of Wholesale!
Wholesale Secrets Revealed - the Holy Grail of Wholesale! Wholesale Secrets Revealed - the Holy Grail of Wholesale!
